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认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf  mobi txt 电子书 下载

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024


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出版社: 培生教育出版集团 ,
ISBN:9787560078649
版次:1
商品编码:10035058
品牌:外研社
包装:平装
丛书名: 当代国外语言学与应用语言学文库
外文名称:An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics
开本:16开
出版时间:2008-10-01
用纸:胶版纸
页数:

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024



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  《认知语言学入门(第2版)》是继《认知语言学入门》一版而出。《认知语言学入门》一版于1996年问世,成为当时国内外一本认知语言学教科书。在书中,两位作者细致入微地阐释了认知语言学的核心概念,同时,又探讨了在诸如象似性、词汇变化、语法化和语言教学等研究中引入认知概念的种种益处。

内容简介

  《认知语言学入门》一版于1996年问世,成为当时国内外一本认知语言学教科书。在书中,两位作者细致入微地阐释了认知语言学的核心概念,同时,又探讨了在诸如象似性、词汇变化、语法化和语言教学等研究中引入认知概念的种种益处。
  此次第二版增加了构式语法理论、概念合成理论、关联理论等内容,并对原来的内容进行了修订,从而更全面地反映认知语言学研究近年的新成果,更好地适应不同读者的需求,是语言学界不可多得的一本内容广泛的认知语言学教科书。

内页插图

目录

Publishers acknowledgements
Preface to the second edition
Typographical conventions
Introduction
1 Prototypes and categories
1.1 Colours,squares,birds and cups:early empirical research
into lexical categories
1.2 The internal structure of categories:prototypes,attributes,
family resemblances and gestalt
1.3 Context·dependence and cultural models

2 Levels of categorization
2.1 Basic level categories of organisms and concrete objects
2.2 Superordinate and subordinate categories
2.3 Conceptual hierarchies
2.4 Categorization and composite word forms
2.5 Basic level categories and basic experiences:actions,
events,properties,states and locations

3 Conceptual metaphors and metonymies
3.1 Metaphors and metonymies:from figures of speech to
conceptual systems
3.2 Metaphors,metonymies and the structure of emotion
categories
3.3 Metaphors as a way of thinking:examples from science
and politics
3.4 Thinking in metonymies:potential and limitations

4 Figure and ground
4.1 Figure and ground,trajector and landmark:
early research into prepositions
4.2 Figure,ground and two metaphors:a cognitive
explanation of simple clause patterns
4.3 Other types of prominence and cognitive processing

5 Frames and cOnstructions
5.1 Frames and scripts
5.2 Event-frames and the windowing of attention
5.3 Language-specific framing and its use in narrative texts
5.4 Construction Grammar

6 Blending and relevance
6.1 Metaphor,metonymy and conceptual blending
6.2 Conceptual blending in linguistic analysis and description
6.3 Conceptual blending in advertising texts,riddles and iokes
6.4 Relevance:a cognitive·pragmatic phenomenon

7 Other issues in cognitive linguistics
7.1 lconicity
7.2 Lexical change and prototypicality
7.3 Cognitive aspects of grammaticalization
7.4 Effects on foreign language teaching
Conclusion

精彩书摘

For obvious reasons, the discrepancy between the saentifically founded models of experts and the naive models of laypersons is particularly notice-able in scientific and technical domains. Consider for example the case of the naive model of the physical phenomenon of motion. McCloskey (1983) carried out experiments and interviews to elicit the cultural model of motion prevalent in America. He asked his informants to imagine an airplane flying at constant speed and altitude. In addition, the informants should assume that at one point during the journey a large metal ball is dropped from the plane, which continues flying at the same speed and altitude and in the same direction. The task was to draw the path the ball will follow until it hits the ground, ignoring wind and air resistance. Its final position in relation to the plane should also be indicated. Before you read on, you should perhaps try to solve the task yourself, i.e. make your own'drawing of the paths followed by the plane and the metal ball.
Now compare your drawing with the scientifically correct answer to the problem. As physicists tell us, the ball will fall in a kind of parabolic arc and hit the ground directly below the point the plane has reached in the meantime. The ball will take this kind of path because it will continue to travel horizontally at the same speed as the plane while acquiring constantly increasing vertical velocity.
If your drawing does not agree with the scientific explanation, you are in good company, with 60 per cent of the informants, because no more than 40 per cent of McCloskey's informants gave the scientifically correct response. The majority of the subjects thought that the ball would take a different course (for instance that it would drop in a straight line or would fall in a diagonal), revealing a 'naive' cultural model of motion that differs from the expert model current in physics.
What this experiment shows is that the cultural models held by the majority of the people need not be, and often are not, in line with the objectively verifiable, scientific knowledge available to experts. If we consider that cul- tural models are based on the collective experience of a society or social group this does not come as a surprise. To get through everyday life, laypersons do not need scientifically correct models, but functionally effective ones. This means that as long as a model is in line with what we perceive and enables us to make functionally correct predictions, it can have widespread currency although it may be technically inaccurate.
Another illuminating example is provided by Kempton (1987). When she studied the American cultural model of home heat controls or thermostats by means of interviews and behavioural records, she found two competing theories.
One, the feedback theory, holds that the thermostat senses temperature and turns the furnace on and off to maintain an even temperature. The other, which I call the valve theory, holds that the thermostat controls the amount of heat. That is, like a gas burner or a water valve, a higher setting causes a higher rate of flow.
(Kempton 1987: 224)
The feedback theory is technically correct, while the valve theory is wrong. What is of special interest about the two theories is that even though the valve theory is wrong, it also enables us to make the right predictions for the control of temperature in a house and therefore there is no reason why laypersons should not espouse it.
It seems, then, that many naive cultural models, espeaally in the sclen- tific and technological domain, are inaccurate from a scientific point of view, but usually correct as far as their functional predictions are concerned. In other domains of everyday life the question of the accuracy of a model does not seem to be as relevant. For example, for the cultural models of SANDCASTLE, BEACH, DESKS arid BREAKFAST which have been singled out in this section for illustrative purposes, it would not be appropriate to speak of correct or inaccurate models, although experts with particularly refined cognitive models could certainly
be found for all spheres. What counts is that 'ordinary' everyday experiences do not follow the doctrines laid down for scientific research and the rules of
formallogic, but have other, more genuinely cognitive, principles behind them, some of which will be discussed below in Chapters 3 and 4.
To conclude this section, here is a summary of the main issues that have been addressed:
·Cognitive categories interact with and influence each other and this can cause a shift of category prototypes, of boundaries and of the whole category structure.
·Over and above the actual context in which the use of categories is embedded, the internal structure of categories depends on cognitive and cultural models which are always present when language is processed.
·A number of terminological distinctions seem necessary for a differen-tiated view of the context-dependence of categories. Thus we have defined situation as the interaction of objects in the real world;
-context as the cognitive representation of the interaction between cognitive categories (or concepts);
-cognitive model as the sum of the experienced and stored con-texts for a certain field by an individual;
-cultural model as a view of cognitive models highlighting the fact that they are intersubjectively shared by the members of a society or social group.
·'Naive' cultural models, especially those for technical domains, need not be in line with the saentifically accurate knowledge of experts, but may be based on what is communal experience, and strictly speaking even 'wrong' assumptions. Nevertheless these naive cultural models can be shared by most laypersons in a society as long as the functional pre-dictions they make are correct.
Exercises
1.In pragmatics and sociolinguistics the participants of a speech event are often seen as part of the wider 'situational context'. Discuss this notion of 'context' in relation to the one put forward in this chapter.
2.Object categories like CAR are characterized by attributes relating to their form, size, material, parts, functions, and the associations and emotions they call up. Discuss which of these attributes are more

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] 下载 epub mobi pdf txt 电子书 2024

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] pdf 下载 mobi 下载 pub 下载 txt 电子书 下载 2024

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] mobi pdf epub txt 电子书 下载 2024

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载
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读者评价

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第三,跟形式语言学不同,认知语言学认为语义不仅仅是客观的真值条件,而是主观和客观的结合,研究语义总要涉及人的主观看法或心理因素。

评分

评分

认知语言学,值得一看,内容充实,介绍详细。

评分

[德]温格瑞尔,[德]施密德写的的书都写得很好,[]还是朋友推荐我看的,后来就非非常喜欢,他的书了。除了他的书,我和我家小孩还喜欢看郑渊洁、杨红樱、黄晓阳、小桥老树、王永杰、杨其铎、晓玲叮当、方洲,他们的书我觉得都写得很好。认知语言学入门(第2版),很值得看,价格也非常便宜,比实体店买便宜好多还省车费。书的内容直得一读认知语言学入门(第2版)是继认知语言学入门第一版而出。认知语言学入门第一版于1996年问世,成为当时国内外第一本认知语言学教科书。在书中,两位作者细致入微地阐释了认知语言学的核心概念,同时,又探讨了在诸如象似性、词汇变化、语法化和语言教学等研究中引入认知概念的种种益处。,阅读了一下,写得很好,认知语言学入门第一版于1996年问世,成为当时国内外第一本认知语言学教科书。在书中,两位作者细致入微地阐释了认知语言学的核心概念,同时,又探讨了在诸如象似性、词汇变化、语法化和语言教学等研究中引入认知概念的种种益处。此次第二版增加了构式语法理论、概念合成理论、关联理论等内容,并对原来的内容进行了修订,从而更全面地反映认知语言学研究近年的最新成果,更好地适应不同读者的需求,是语言学界不可多得的一本内容广泛的认知语言学教科书。,内容也很丰富。,一本书多读几次,,-..(1983)..,,.,..,,....,..,,60,40.(),.,,,.-.,,.,.(1987).,.,,.,,.,,.(1987224),.,.,,,-,,..,,,,,.,,,,34.,·,.·,.·--.;-();--;-.·,,,,.-.1...2.,,,,,.,.3.-50.1...(,-,,,.)...(,,,.)---.4.,,(.198167).?5.-.-,--.。快递送货也很快。还送货上楼。非常好。认知语言学入门(第2版),超值。买书就来来京东商城。价格还比别家便宜,还免邮费不错,速度还真是快而且都是正版书。认知语言学入门(第2版)是继认知语言学入门第一版而出。认知语言学入门第一版于1996年问世,成为当时国内外第一本认知语言学教科书。在书中,两位作者细致入微地阐释了认知语言学的核心概念,同时,又探讨了在诸如象似性、词汇变化、语法化和语言教学等研究中引入认知概念的种种益处。,买回来觉得还是非常值的。我喜欢看书,喜欢看各种各样的书,看的很杂,文学名著,流行小说都看,只要作者的文笔不是太差,总能让我从头到脚看完整本书。只不过很多时候是当成故事来看,看完了感叹一番也就丢下了。所在来这里买书是非常明智的。然而,目前社会上还有许多人被一些价值不大的东西所束缚,却自得其乐,还觉得很满足

评分

  布罗代尔在他的时段理论中主张历史可区分为短时段、中时段和长时段,认为历史学家更重要的是研究长时段的发展,而不是仅去对短时段的政治军事等事件作详细研究,而要从数十年的中时段的周期波动的探讨中,进一步找出百年甚至数百年以上长时段中,整个文明的发展趋势以及延续于其中的基本社会经济文化等结构。其实,我们看待这个理论的时候,将其中的历史换成语言是完全可以的。类似的观点,温格瑞尔也在书中也有着类似的表述。毕竟在人们学会用文字来记录历史的时候就早已经有了语言,而且语言是历史的一种载体。比对着长时段理论,再来看温格瑞尔所说的语言的历时性与共时性等问题,一切就豁然开朗了。

评分

书很不错,有帮助

评分

已经读得差不多了,绝对经典好书,全书在经验观、凸显观和注意观基本框架下,全面而深入地讨论了认知语言学的研究方法和内容,系统地阐发了认知语言学的基本概念和基本原理;既有认知语言学理论的一般介绍,也有对一些重要专题的深入探讨;不但反映了认知语言学的最新发展,而且也不乏作者自己的研究成果和创见。内容详实,文笔流畅,,注重实用,是读者学习和研究认知语言学的必备好书,强烈推荐。

评分

认知语言学教材,难度有点大,需要对照中文版。

评分

英文版教材

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

类似图书 点击查看全场最低价

认知语言学入门(第2版) [An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024


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