剑桥英语教师丛书：第二语言课堂评估 epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

剑桥英语教师丛书：第二语言课堂评估 epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

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剑桥英语教师丛书：第二语言课堂评估 epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

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内容简介

　　本丛书精选自剑桥大学出版社为语言教师设计的多套论著和教程，均为当代语言教育领域的力作。由当今国际语言教育界的人士编著并由国内英语教育界专家学者撰写前言或导读。本丛书的20个选题是目前英语教师需要了解的课题。本丛书可作为英语教师继续教育和师范院校英语系的教材，并可供在职大中学教师和语言教育研究者使用。

精彩书评

　　外研社和人教社联合推出这套“剑桥英语教师丛书”，以配合全国中小学英语教师的培训工程。本套丛书的使用者注意两点：一， 这套书不仅仅传播技巧，更重要的是提供思想和方法；不是提供对问题的现成答案，而是告诉你各种理论观点和看法。第二，本套丛书的读者应该努力初步掌握外语教学中的科研方法，学会设计小型的科研项目，学会进行课堂观察，设计问卷，经常写教学日志，会抽样，会收集各种数据，会统计和分析数据等。
　　……

目录

总序
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Series editors preface
Authorsacknowledgments
导读
1.Introduction to evaluation
I GETTING STARTED
2.The context of second language evaluation
3.A framework for evaluation
4.Collecting information
II EVALUATING WITHOUT TESTS
5.Observation in the classroom
6.Portfolios and conferences
7.Journals，questionnaires，and interviews
III EVALUATING WITH TESTS
8.Testing
9.Objectives-referenced testing
10.Choosing and devising test tasks
11.Assembling and scoring tests
12.Interpreting test scores
13.Standardizde tests
14.Summary and integration
Index

精彩书摘

On the basis of their observations, teachers assess what students have and have not learned; they infer the learning strategies students may be using that are facilitating or:impeding learning; they assess the effective-ness of particuiar teaching strategies; they determine which instructional activities and materials the students enjoy; and so on. Information derived from such observations is fundamental to the day-to-day functioning ofthe classroom because it provides a basis for understanding what is happening and for making decisions about what should follow. For example, based on a number of observations, a teacher may judge that a particular student has not learned what was being taught in class that week, whereas the other students have. Alternatively, the teacher may judge that quite a few stu- dents have not leamed the target structure. The observation that only one student has failed to learn a target structure will lead to very different decisions by the teacher than the observation that most ofthe students have not learned it.
Teachers also seek to understand how their students are learning and, in particular, to explain those instances when learning does not occur as planned. Their explanations of these situations can be used to plan instruc-tion that will promote learning. In seeking to explain failure to learn, teachers use observation to make inferences about instructional or learning processes or strategies. Observation of student behavior when a particular unit is taught might lead the teacher to infer that t:he students were using strategies that might be effectiVe in their first language but lead to mistakes in the second language. For example, the students may use discourse pat-terns from their first language that are inappropriate in.the second lan-guage. Or the teacher may infer that the students did not find the mate-rials and activities interesting and, therefore, they were not motivated to learn. Teachers' observations of themselves may lead them to infer that they are using instructional strategies that are not working: perhaps they had not been very clear when explaining an assignment or they did not model a new grammatical pattem sufficiently before having the students try using it.
Inferences concerning learning and teaching processes are much more difficult to make than inferences concerning learning outcomes, yet they are equally important for effective teaching. Inferences about language learning outcomes can be made on the basis of observations of concrete instances of the students' actual language use. For example, does the stu-dent use the past tense correctly and appropriately when speaking and/or writing? In comparison, infer.ences about processes related to teaching and learning are based on observations of a wider range ofbehaviors and events and their interrelationships. For example, a teacher's understanding of stu-dent errors when writing and what to do about them might follow from observations directed at answering the following kinds of questions: What kinds of errors do the students make? Can their mistakes be traced to a particular source, such as the first language?. Do they tend to make certain errors under some circumstances more than others? Do they avoid the use of certain structures or communicative functions altogether? It is evident from-this single example that it is not the observation of discrete instances oflanguage use that provides evidence about learning processes; rather, it is the observation of categories of events (such as errors) or fairly complex interrelationships among events (for example, the linguistic or communica-tive contexts within which errors tend to occur more frequently) that are the bases for inferences about learning processes. The same can be said about processes related to teaching.
Inferences about learning and instructional processes are important be-cause they affect significantly the ways in which teachers respond to their students. For example, the inference that students are using strategies derived from the first language when using their second language might lead the teacher to explain to the students the difference between the first and second language with regard to the grammatical structure or com- municative function in question. Of course, this would work only if the students were old enough and had acquired sufficient linguistic sophistica-tion to understand such an explanation. In comparison, the inference that the teacher did not provide ample demonstration of a particular linguistic structure or communicative function might lead the teacher to provide more time for practice using it in whole group activities.
Classroom observation and any associated inferences about teaching and learning are important for planning instruction of the same unit, lesson, or course in the future. Observation of how particular units worked with the current group of students may lead to decisions to retain, drop, or modify them with future groups of learners. Units may be dropped because they were too easy, too difficult, uninteresting, or not useful. Certain units may be modified because observation of their effectiveness with the current students suggested deficiencies or areas for improvement. Observations that a course did not work effectively in general with the current students might lead to decisions to revise the way in which students are placed in the course to ensure greater compatibility between the course and the charac-ter istics of the learners in the course.
……

剑桥英语教师丛书：第二语言课堂评估 epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

剑桥英语教师丛书：第二语言课堂评估 下载 epub mobi pdf txt 电子书 2025

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速度比较快！速度比较快！

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很喜欢很喜欢很喜欢很喜欢

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在新华书店没买到这本书 在京东上找到了 很好，发货也快，书很不错，正在看。

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很好很好很好很好很好很好很好

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到货也很快，喜欢。。。

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毫无疑问这是一本好书，京东送货也很快，我很满意!开卷有益，读书好处多，陶冶情操，修身养性，还会再来的哦。一本书有一个故事，一个故事叙述一段人生，一段人生折射一个世界。“读万卷书，行万里路”说的正是这个道理。读诗使人高雅，读史使人明智。读每一本书都会有不同的收获。“悬梁刺股”、“萤窗映雪”，自古以来，勤奋读书，提升自我是每一个人的毕生追求。读书是一种最优雅的素质，能塑造人的精神，升华人的思想。

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很满意，会继续购买印刷精致得很工作之余,人们或楚河汉界运筹帷幄,或轻歌曼舞享受生活,而我则喜欢翻翻书、读读报,一个人沉浸在笔墨飘香的世界里,跟智者神游,与慧者交流,不知有汉,无论魏晋,醉在其中。我是一介穷书生,尽管在学校工作了二十五年,但是工资却不好意思示人。当我教训调皮捣蛋的女儿外孙子们时,时常被他们反问:你老深更半夜了,还在写作看书,可工资却不到两千!常常被他们噎得无话可说。当教师的我这一生注定与清贫相伴,惟一好处是有双休息日,在属于我的假期里悠哉游哉于书香之中,这也许是许多书外之人难以领略的惬意。好了，废话不多说。还可以，和印象里的有一点点区别，可能是我记错了书比我想的要厚很多，就是字有点小，不过挺实惠的，很满意！书非常好，正版的，非常值，快递也给力，必须给好评，就是感觉包装有点简陋啊哈哈不过书很好，看了下内容也都很不错，快递也很给力，东西很好物流速度也很快，和照片描述的也一样，给个满分吧下次还会来买！好了，我现在来说说这本书的观感吧，网络文学融入主流文学之难，在于文学批评家的缺席，在于衡量标准的混乱，很长一段时间，文学批评家对网络文学集体失语，直到最近一两年来，诸多活跃于文学批评领域的评论家，才开始着手建立网络文学的评价体系，很难得的是，他们迅速掌握了网络文学的魅力内核，并对网络文学给予了高度评价、寄予了很深的厚望。随着网络文学理论体系的建立，以及网络文学在创作水准上的不断提高，网络文学成为主流文学中的主流已是清晰可见的事情，下一届的五个一工程奖，

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在书店看上了这本书一直想买可惜太贵又不打折，回家决定上京东看看，果然有折扣。毫不犹豫的买下了，京东速度果然非常快的，从配货到送货也很具体，快递非常好，很快收到书了。书的包装非常好，没有拆开过，非常新，可以说无论自己阅读家人阅读，收藏还是送人都特别有面子的说，特别精美；各种十分美好虽然看着书本看着相对简单，但也不遑多让，塑封都很完整封面和封底的设计、绘图都十分好画让我觉得十分细腻具有收藏价值。书的封套非常精致推荐大家购买。

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