非平衡态量子场论（英文版） [Quantum Field Theory Of Non-equilibrium States] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

非平衡态量子场论（英文版） [Quantum Field Theory Of Non-equilibrium States] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

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非平衡态量子场论（英文版） [Quantum Field Theory Of Non-equilibrium States] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

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内容简介

　　The purpose of this book is to provide an introduction to the applications of quantum field theoretic methods to systems out of equilibrium. The reason for adding a book on the subject of quantum field theory is two-fold： the presentation is， to my knowledge， the first to extensively present and apply to non-equilibrium phenomena the real-time approach originally developed by Schwinger， and subsequently applied by Keldysh and others to derive transport equations. Secondly， the aim is to show the universality of the method by applying it to a broad range of phenomena. The book should thus not just be of interest to condensed matter physicists， but to physicists in general as the method is of general interest with applications ranging the whole scale from high-energy to soft condensed matter physics. The universality of the method， as testified by the range of topics covered， reveals that the language of quantum fields is the universal description of fluctuations， be they of quantum nature， thermal or classical stochastic. The book is thus intended as a contribution to unifying the languages used in separate fields of physics， providing a universal tool for describing non-equilibrium states.

内页插图

目录

Preface
1 Quantum fields
1.1 Quantum mechanics
1.2 N-particle system
1.2.1 Identical particles
1.2.2 Kinematics of fermions
1.2.3 Kinematics of bosons
1.2.4 Dynamics and probability current and density
1.3 Fermi field
1.4 Bose field
1.4.1 Phonons
1.4.2 Quantizing a classical field theory
1.5 Occupation number representation
1.6 Summary

2 Operators on the multi-particle state space
2.1 Physical observables
2.2 Probability density and number operators
2.3 Probability current density operator
2.4 Interactions
2.4.1 Two-particle interaction
2.4.2 Fermio boson interaction
2.4.3 Electron-phonon interaction
2.5 The statistical operator
2.6 Summary

3 Quantum dynamics and Greens functions
3.1 Quantum dynamics
3.1.1 The SchrSdinger picture
3.1.2 The Heisenberg picture
3.2 Second quantization
3.3 Greens functions
3.3.1 Physical properties and Greens functions
3.3.2 Stable of one-particle Greens functions
3.4 Equilibrium Greens functions
3.5 Summary

4 Non-equilibrium theory
4.1 The non-equilibrium problem
4.2 Ground state formalism
4.3 Closed time path formalism
4.3.1 Closed time path Greens function
4.3.2 Non-equilibrium perturbation theory
4.3.3 Wicks theorem
4.4 Non-equilibrium diagrammatics
4.4.1 Particles coupled to a classical field
4.4.2 Particles coupled to a stochastic field
4.4.3 Interacting fermions and bosons
4.5 The self-energy
4.5.1 Non-equilibrium Dyson equations
4.5.2 Skeleton diagrams
4.6 Summary

5 Real-time formalism
5.1 Real-time matrix representation
5.2 Real-time diagrammatics
5.2.1 Feynman rules for a scalar potential
5.2.2 Feynman rules for interacting bosons and fermions
5.3 Triagonal and symmetric representations
5.3.1 Fermion-boson coupling
5.3.2 Two-particle interaction
5.4 The real rules： the RAK-rules
5.5 Non-equilibrium Dyscn equations
5.6 Equilibrium Dyscn equation
5.7 Real-time versus imaginary-time formalism
5.7.1 Imaginary-time formalism
5.7.2 Imaginary-time Greens functions
5.7.3 Analytical continuation procedure
5.7.4 Kadanoff-Baym equations
5.8 Summary

6 Linear response theory
6.1 Linear response
6.1.1 Density re~，ponse
6.1.2 Current response
6.1.3 Ccnductivity tensor
6.1.4 Ccnductance
6.2 Linear response cf Greens functions
6.3 Properties cf respone hmctions
6.4 Stability cf the thermal equilibrium ，tate
6.5 Fluctuation-dissipation theorem
6.6 Time-reversal symmetry
6.7 Scattering and correlation functions
6.8 Summary

7 Quantum kinetic equations
7.1 Left-right subtracted Dyson equation
7.2 Wigner or mixed coordinates
7.3 Gradient approximation
7.3.1 Spectral weight function
7.3.2 Quasi-particle approximation
7.4 Impurity scattering
7.4.1 Boltzmannian motion in a random potential
7.4.2 Brownian motion
7.5 Quasi-classical Greens function technique
7.5.1 Electron-phonon interaction
7.5.2 Renormalization of the a.c. conductivity
7.5.3 Excitation representation
7.5.4 Particle conservation
7.5.5 Impurity scattering
7.6 Beyond the quasi-classical approximation
7.6.1 Thermo-electrics and magneto-transport
7.7 Summary

8 Non-equilibrium superconductivity
8.1 BCS-theory
8.1.1 Nambu or particle-hole space
8.1.2 Equations of motion in Nambu Keldysh space
8.1.3 Greens functions and gauge transformations
8.2 Quasi-classical Greens function theory
8.2.1 Normalization condition
8.2.2 Kinetic equation
8.2.3 Spectral densities
8.3 Trajectory Greens functions
8.4 Kinetics in a dirty superconductor
8.4.1 Kinetic equation
8.4.2 Ginzburg-Landau regime
8.5 Charge imbalance
8.6 Summary

9 Diagrammatics and generating functionals
9.1 Diagrammatics
9.1.1 Propagators and vertices
9.1.2 Amplitudes and superposition
9.1.3 Fundamental dynamic relation
9.1.4 Low order diagrams
9.2 Generating functional
9.2.1 Fhnctional differentiation
9.2.2 From diagrammatics to differential equations
9.3 Connection to operator formalism
9.4 Fermions and Grassmann variables
9.5 Generator of connected amplitudes
9.5.1 Source derivative proof
9.5.2 Combinatorial proof
9.5.3 Functional equation for the generator
9.6 One-particle irreducible vertices
9.6.1 Symmetry broken states
9.6.2 Greens functions and one-particle irreducible vertices
9.7 Diagrammatics and action
9.8 Effective action and skeleton diagrams
9.9 Summary

10 Effective action
10.1 Functional integration
10.1.1 Functional Fourier transformation
10.1.2 Gaussian integrals
10.1.3 Fermionic path integrals
10.2 Generators as functional integrals
10.2.1 Euclid versus Minkowski
10.2.2 Wicks theorem and functionals
10.3 Generators and 1PI vacuum diagrams
10.4 1PI loop expansion of the effective action
10.5 Two-particle irreducible effective action
10.5.1 The 2PI loop expansion of the effective action
10.6 Effective action approach to Bose gases
10.6.1 Dilute Bose gases
10.6.2 Effective action formalism for bosons
10.6.3 Homogeneous Bose gas
10.6.4 Renormalization of the interaction
10.6.5 Inhomogeneous Bose gas
10.6.6 Loop expansion for a trapped Bose gas
10.7 Summary

11 Disordered conductors
11.1 Localization
11.1.1 Scaling theory of localization
11.1.2 Coherent backscattering
11.2 Weak localization
11.2.1 Quantum correction to conductivity
11.2.2 Cooperon equation
11.2.3 Quantum interference and the Cooperon
11.2.4 Quantum interference in a magnetic field
……

12 Classical Statistical Dynamics
Appendices

前言/序言

　　The purpose of this book is to provide an introduction to the applications of quantum field theoretic methods to systems out of equilibrium.　The reason for adding a book on the subject of quantum field theory is two-fold： the presentation is， to my knowledge， the first to extensively present and apply to non-equilibrium phenomena the real-time approach originally developed by Schwinger， and subsequently applied by Keldysh and others to derive transport equations. Secondly， the aim is to show the universality of the method by applying it to a broad range of phenomena. The book should thus not just be of interest to condensed matter physicists， but to physicists in general as the method is of general interest with applications ranging the whole scale from high-energy to soft condensed matter physics. The universality of the method， as testified by the range of topics covered， reveals that the language of quantum fields is the universal description of fluctuations， be they of quantum nature， thermal or classical stochastic. The book is thus intended as a contribution to unifying the languages used in separate fields of physics， providing a universal tool for describing non-equilibrium states.
　　Chapter 1 introduces the basic notions of quantum field theory， the bose and fermi quantum fields operating on the multi-particle state spaces. In Chapter 2， op- erators on the multi-particle space representing physical quantities of a many-body system are constructed. The detailed exposition in these two chapters is intended to ensure the book is self-contained.　In Chapter 3， the quantum dynamics of a many-body system is described in terms of its quantum fields and their correla- tion functions， the Gr

非平衡态量子场论（英文版） [Quantum Field Theory Of Non-equilibrium States] epub pdf mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024

非平衡态量子场论（英文版） [Quantum Field Theory Of Non-equilibrium States] 下载 epub mobi pdf txt 电子书 2024

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The purpose of this book is to provide an introduction to the applications of quantum field theoretic methods to systems out of equilibrium. The reason for adding a book on the subject of quantum field theory is two-fold： the presentation is， to my knowledge， the first to extensively present and apply to non-equilibrium phenomena the real-time approach originally developed by Schwinger， and subsequently applied by Keldysh and others to derive transport equations. Secondly， the aim is to show the universality of the method by applying it to a broad range of phenomena. The book should thus not just be of interest to condensed matter physicists， but to physicists in general as the method is of general interest with applications ranging the whole scale from high-energy to soft condensed matter physics.

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非常好的一本写非平衡态格林函数的书。作者在 Review of Modern Physics 上有一篇这方面的 review 文章。这本书比那个文章更细致也更易读。强烈推荐做 quantum transport 方面研究的人都读一读。

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量子场论是量子力学基本原理在具有无穷多自由度系统中的具体应用。此书介绍了非平衡态系统中的量子场论方法，以及非平衡态多体系统统计力学性质及其实时格林函数研究方法。简明介绍完量子场论和格林函数后，作者讲解了Schwinger闭时路径方法，详细讨论了实时格林函数和费曼图技术。作者利用准经典格林函数推导了量子运动学方程，并系统地研究了重整化效应，非平衡态超导，无序导体中的量子效应等议题。本书给出了两种研究非平衡态多体系统的方法：数学正则化方法和费曼图方法。费曼图方法的优点是简单直观，易于理解。

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