電子關聯和磁性 [Lecture Notes on Electron Correlation and Magnetism] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

電子關聯和磁性 [Lecture Notes on Electron Correlation and Magnetism] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

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電子關聯和磁性 [Lecture Notes on Electron Correlation and Magnetism] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

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內容簡介

　　The one-term, 4-hours-a-week course on magnetism presented a chal-lenge known to all physicists in the field: research interests in the past half a century have been dominated by the effects of strong electron-electron interaction, while standard solid state physics textbooks re-main within the bounds of band theory which is a suitable language for weakly correlated systems, and then add a chapter on Heisenberg magnets whose very existence is in contradiction with the rest of the material, and gets never properly justified. The usual way of clarifying these matters is to go through a formal education in many-body theory, and to learn about strong correlation effects piecemeal from its applica-tions (and breakdowns). This, however, is usually the beginning of the professional career of a theoretician, and it may not be the most recom-mendable approach for others, One takes a long time to discover that there is a unified, non-formal way of thinking about strong correlation phenomena that has long been shared by experimentalists and theoreti-cians in the field; it can be called elementary and should be accessible to all - but it cannot be found in the well-known textbooks.

內頁插圖

目錄

Preface
1 Introduction
1.1 Magnetism and Other Effects of Electron-Electron Interaction
1.2 Sources of Magnetic Fields
1.3 Getting Acquainted: Magnetite
1.3.1 Charge States
1.3.2 Spin States
1.3.3 Charge Ordering
1.4 Variety of Correlated Systems: An Outline of the Course

2 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
2.1 Hydrogen Atom in a Magnetic Field
2.1.1 Non-Relativistic Treatment
Motion in a Magnetic Field
Zeeman Effect (I)
2.1.2 Relativistic Effects
Spin-Orbit Coupling
Zeeman Effect (II)
Problem 2.1
2.2 Direct Exchange
Problem 2.2
2.3 Many-Electron Ions
Problem 2.3
2.3.1 Coupling to the Magnetic Field
Digression: The Bohr-Van Leeuwen Theorem
2.3.2 Hund's Rules
Problem 2.4
2.4 Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
2.4.1 Paramagnetic Susceptibility
Magnetization Curve
Problems 2.5-2.8
2.4.2 Diamagnetism
Digression: Superstrong Fields
2.5 Hydrogen Molecule
2.5.1 Direct Exchange in Non-Orthogonal Orbitals
2.5.2 Kinetic Exchange
2.5.3 Molecular Orbitals versus Heitler-London
Solutions to the Problems

3 Crystal Field Theory
3.1 Incomplete Shells in an Anisotropic Environment: CrystaIFields
3.2 The Role of Symmetry Arguments in Quantum Mechanics
3.2.1 Irreducible Representations
3.3 The Octahedral Group
Problems 3.1-3.2
3.4 Symmetry Properties of Atomic States
3.5 Splitting of a d-Level in Cubic Field
3.5.1 Quenching the Orbital Angular Momentum
3.5.2 Partial Restoration ofOrbitalMomentum by Spin
Orbit Coupling
Problems 3.3-3.4
3.5.3 High-Spin versus Low-Spin States
3.6 Jahn-Teller Effect
3.7 Time Reversallnvariance
3.8 The f2 Configuration
3.8.1 Cubic Crystal Field
3.8.2 Tetragonal Crystal Field
3.8.3 Metamagnetic Transition
3.8.4 Exchange Induced Magnetism
Problems 3.5-3.6
3.9 DoubleGroups
……
4 Mott Transition and Hubbard Model
5 Mott Insulators
6 Heisenberg Magnets
7 Itinerant Electron Magnetism
8 Ferromagnetism in Hubbard Models
9 The Gutzwiller Variational Method
10 The Correlated Metallic State
11 Mixed Valence and Heavy Fermions
12 Quantum Hall Effect
A Hydrogen Atom
B Single-Spin-Flip Ansatz
C Gutzwiller Approximation
D Schrieffer-Wolff Transformation
Bibliography
Index

前言/序言

電子關聯和磁性 [Lecture Notes on Electron Correlation and Magnetism] epub pdf mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024

電子關聯和磁性 [Lecture Notes on Electron Correlation and Magnetism] 下載 epub mobi pdf txt 電子書

評分☆☆☆☆☆

極好的物理書籍！送貨、服務都很好，感謝京東！凝聚態理論的長足進展已經搞清楚瞭許多材料的物性問題，但是還存在一些疑難問題懸而未決，其中最突齣的莫過於強關聯電子體係的問題。所謂電子關聯，就是意味著電子和電子之間存在庫侖相互作用，這一點也不稀奇，傳統的能帶理論在處理固體中的電子係統時，首先是忽略瞭電子之間相互作用，將電子係統視為相互獨立的理想氣體，考慮單電子與晶體的周期結構之間的相互作用，從而得到瞭固體的能帶結構，然後再引入電子間的相互作用加以修正。強關聯電子體係是指電子間的交互作用不可忽略的係統。在簡單的固體理論中，固體中電子之間的靜電相互作用被忽略瞭，不會齣現在哈密頓算符裏。故各個電子被看成是獨立的，不會相互影響。然而，在許多物質中，靜電能不能被忽略。當把這一部分能量寫入哈密爾頓量，就得到強關聯模型（或赫巴德模型(Hubbard model))。在強關聯電子體係[1] ，由於電子之間的強相互作用，導緻瞭許多新奇的物理現象。如高溫超導體、二維電子氣中的分數量子霍爾效應、錳氧化物材料中的巨磁阻效應、重費米子係統、二維高遷移率材料中的金屬－絕緣體相變、量子相變和量子臨界現象、一維導體中的電荷密度波等等部分強關聯電子體係顯示齣奇異的量子相變現象。量子相變是在接近絕對零度時, 量子係統隨著外界參量的變化, 其基態從一種關聯（有序）的狀態到另一種關聯狀態的轉變。零溫下的量子相變點是物質基態相圖中的一個奇異點，其重要意義在於控製著有限溫度的大片量子漲落區域，錶現齣一係列完全不同於普通金屬的熱力學和動力學輸運性質，即所謂的量子臨界現象或非費密液體行為。量子臨界現象為人們解釋部分強關聯電子體係低溫下的奇異金屬態或新物質態提供瞭一種新的微觀圖象。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

快遞很給力，內容很豐富，

評分☆☆☆☆☆

很好的一本書，非常感謝

評分☆☆☆☆☆

京東的商品一直有保證~~~挺好噠~~~~

評分☆☆☆☆☆

很不錯的，又買瞭一本這個

評分☆☆☆☆☆

好好好好好好好好好好好好好好

評分☆☆☆☆☆

好好好好好好好好好好好好好好

評分☆☆☆☆☆

挺好的，還沒看

評分☆☆☆☆☆

老公買的，具體情況不知道

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