英文原版 歐洲史 英文原版 Europe A History 諾曼戴維斯 世界曆史書 正版 pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025

簡體網頁||繁體網頁

☆☆☆☆☆

圖書標籤:

• 歐洲史
• 世界曆史
• 英文原版
• 曆史
• 諾曼戴維斯
• 正版書籍
• Europe A History
• 西方曆史
• 曆史讀物
• 教材

店鋪： 華研外語官方旗艦店

齣版社： Harper Perennial

ISBN：9780060974688

商品編碼：23413105952

品牌：華研外語

齣版時間：1998-01-01

頁數：1392

書名：Europe: A History 歐洲史
作者：Norman Davies諾曼·戴維斯
齣版社名稱：Harper Perennial
齣版時間：1998
語種：英文 
ISBN：9780060974688
商品尺寸：15.6 x 5.8 x 23.5 cm
包裝：平裝
頁數：1392

Europe: A History《歐洲史》是一部從冰河時代延伸到原子時代的曆史類精品著作，作者是牛津大學教授諾曼?戴維斯。作者選取瞭歐洲大陸經曆過的十個極具理想的曆史時期作為本書的時間主綫，講述瞭史前時期到第二次世界大戰，以及二戰至本書齣版當年為止的整個歐洲曆史。本書為英文版，適閤有一定英文基礎的曆史學習者或愛好者閱讀。
推薦理由：
1.首部給予歐洲東部和歐洲西部同等分量的歐洲史，值得曆史愛好者一讀；
2.以時間為主綫由快到慢推進，覆蓋瞭史前時期到第二次世界大戰期間的曆史；
3.歐洲曆史、文化、社會生活從史前到當代的百科全書，融性和可讀性於一體；
4. 英文原版，書內包括100幅地圖、圖錶及多張插圖，圖例仔細清晰。
WithEurope: A History, University of London professor Norman Davies has undertaken the near impossible: a synthetic one-volume overview of Europe from prehistory through the present. Remarkably, he has succeeded.Europe: A History is a conventional narrative, proceeding forward in time at a gradually decelerating pace. (The beginning covers millions of years of prehistory, while the final chapter discusses the 46 years between World War II and the book’s publication.) But Davies’s writing—vigorous, incisive, and confidently knowledgeable—carries the reader along, while the steady sweep of the main narrative is broken up by “capsules,” boxed passages examining particular places, customs, or issues that cut across chronological lines. Davies, who has written two books on Polish history, also gives the eastern part of Europe its due coverage, unlike many of his predecessors, and manages to include commoners and the persecuted or ignored in his story along with the mighty and the royal.Europe: A History won’t please everybody, but it’s a highly intelligent, superbly readable overview that is certain to become a standard text.
Review
“Books of real quality and importance are rare. Norman Davies’ history of Europe is one of them. It is a brilliant achievement, written with intelligence, lucidity and a breathtaking width of knowledge... This is a book everyone should read.” — A. C. Grayling,Financial Times
“A noble monument of scholarship, and all the more noble because it is so full of surprise and feeling... There are superb assessments of vastly daunting subjects.” —Jan Morris,Independent 
“Monumental, authoritative... A book for enquiring minds of all ages, it will answer hundreds of enquires and provoke thousands more.” —Noel Malcolm,Sunday Telegraph
“No history of Europe in the English language has been so even-handed in its treatment of east and west... Strong characterisation, vivid detail, trenchant opinions, cogent anaylsis all make this tremendous reading.”—Times Literary Supplement

Europe: A History《歐洲史》是一部從冰河時代延伸到原子時代的曆史類精品著作，為歐洲曆史設計齣一種時間和空間的坐標係統，錶現齣一種難得一見的整體史印象。本書以時間為主綫由快到慢逐漸推進，第1章覆蓋瞭長達百萬年的史前時期，而在末尾一章討論瞭第二次世界大戰至本書齣版當年為止的46年間的曆史。
諾曼·戴維斯捕獲瞭所有的曆史事件：羅馬的崛起與衰落，阿拉裏剋人和阿蒂拉人的大舉侵略，諾曼徵服，羅馬教廷的權力鬥爭，文藝復興和改革，法國大革命和拿破侖戰爭，歐洲崛起為世界權力中心以及它因陷入兩次毀滅性的世界大戰而走嚮衰落。這是首部給予歐洲東部和歐洲西部同等分量的歐洲史。
《歐洲史》的獨特之處在於對內容的選擇、重新安排和錶現方式，它把傳統的敘述體與獨特的特寫結閤在一起，使鮮活的曆史事件和人物躍然紙上：299個講述各個時代方方麵麵的“概要介紹”（知識窗）散步於整部書，介紹的傗題跨越瞭各章的界限，描繪瞭各種奇特的事物和思想，這些通常是過於嚴肅的曆史學傢們忽略的；12幅“快照”從很好的視點俯瞰瞭某一特定曆史時期歐洲的全景，如同對時間推進和領土擴張的迅猛進程叫一聲暫停，幫助讀者鬆一口氣並審視這些重大曆史變革，並如棱鏡摺射齣歐洲曆史豐富多樣的變化；100幅地圖和圖錶、72幅圖片覆蓋瞭整個歐洲的曆史。所有這些說明，戴維斯的《歐洲史》是近幾年齣版的極具價值、有說服力的曆史讀物之一。
作者在牛津大學完成瞭本書的大部分內容，參考瞭牛津大學圖書館豐富而古老的資料，同時也得到瞭哈佛大學烏剋蘭語研究所和維也納人文科學研究所的幫助。
Here is a masterpiece of historical narrative that stretches from the Ice Age to the Atomic Age, as it tells the story of Europe, East and West. Norman Davies captures it all-the rise and fall of Rome, the sweeping invasions of Alaric and Atilla, the Norman Conquests, the Papal struggles for power, the Renaissance and the Reformation, the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, Europe’s rise to become the powerhouse of the world, and its eclipse in our own century, following two devastating World Wars. This is the first major history of Europe to give equal weight to both East and West, and it shines light on fascinating minority communities, from heretics and lepers to Gypsies, Jews, and Muslims. It also takes an innovative approach, combining traditional narrative with unique features that help bring history alive: 299 time capsules scattered through the narrative capture telling aspects of an era. 12 -snapshots offer a panoramic look at all of Europe at a particular moment in history. Full coverage of Eastern Europe—100 maps and diagrams, 72 black-and-white plates. All told, Davies’sEurope represents one of the most important and illuminating histories to be published in recent years.

諾曼·戴維斯，1939年生於英格蘭。曾獲波蘭剋拉科夫大學博士學位，原倫敦大學東歐斯拉夫學院教授，在倫敦大學執教多年，主要研究方嚮為中歐與東歐史。現任午津大學沃爾夫森學院研究員、教授。
主要著作：
《起義在1944年：華沙之戰》（Rising, 44: The Battle for Warsaw），被《紐約時報》評為2004年度100本書之一。
《上帝的操場：波蘭史》（God’s Playground: A History of Poland）
《歐洲的心髒：與波蘭當代有關的曆史》（Heart of Europe: The Past in Poland’s Present）
《不列顛群島：一部曆史》（The Isles: A History）
《微觀世界：一個中歐城市的肖像》（Microcosm: Portrait of a Central Euronean City）

Norman Davies C. M. G., F. B. A. is Professor Emeritus of the University of London, a Supernumerary Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford, and the author of several books on Polish and European history, includingGod’s Playground,White Eagle,Red Star, The Isles,MicrocosmandEurope: East and West.

Preface
The Legend of Europa
Introduction
I. Peninsula: Environment and Prehistory
II. Hellas: Ancient Greece
III. Roma: Ancient Rome, 753 BC–AD 337
IV. Origo: The Birth of Europe, AD c. 330–800
V. Medium: The Middle Age, c. 750–1270
VI. Pestis: Christendom in Crisis, c. 1250–1493
VII. Renatio: Renaissances and Reformations, c. 1450–1670
VIII. Lumen: Enlightenment and Absolutism, c. 1650–1789
IX. Revolutio: A Continent in Turmoil, c. 1770–1815
X. Dynamo: Powerhouse of the World, 1815–1914
XI. Tenebrae: Europe in Eclipse, 1914–1945
XII. Divisa et Indivisa: Europe Divided and Undivided, 1945–1991
Notes to Chapters
Notes to Capsules
AppendixI. List of Capsules
AppendixII. Notes on Plates and Acknowledgments
Appendix III. Historical Compendium
Index
序言
歐羅巴的傳說
導言
第1章 半島：環境與史前時期
第2章 希臘：古代希臘
第3章 羅馬：古代羅馬，公元前753—公元337年
第4章 起點：歐洲的誕生，約公元330—800年
第5章 中世紀：中世紀，約750—1270年
第6章 危機：危機中的基督教世界，約1250—1493年
第7章 再生：文藝復興和宗教改革，約1450—1670年
第8章 啓濛：啓濛運動與專製主義，約1650—1789年
第9章 革命：動亂的大陸，約1770—1815年
第10章 動力：世界的發電站，1815—1914年
第11章 熄燈禮拜：陰影籠罩下的歐洲，1914—1945年
第12章 分裂和統一：歐洲的分裂和統一，1945—1991年
附錄一各章注釋
附錄二“概要介紹”注釋
附錄三“概要介紹”一覽錶
附錄四圖片鳴謝說明
附錄五曆史圖解簡編
附錄六重要人物、事件、機構、地點等的索引

THERE is a marked determinism about many descriptions of Europe’s environmental history. Many Europeans have assumed that their “continent” was so magnificently endowed that it was destined by Nature for world supremacy. And many have imagined that Europe’s good fortune would somehow last forever. “The empire of climate”, wrote Montesquieu in 1748, “is the first of all empires”; and he proceeded to show that the European climate had no rival. For Montesquieu, as for his many successors, Europe was synonymous with Progress.
There has also been a good deal of national parochialism. Even the founder of human geography, the great Paul Vidal de la Blache (1845–1918), one of the intellectual ancestors of the Anuales school, was not above a touch of Gallic chauvinizing. The geography of France, he stressed, was marked by the keynote of variety. “Against the diversities which assail her”, he wrote, “France sets her force d’assimilation, her power of assimilation. She transforms everything that she receives.” On Britain, in contrast, he quotes the doggerel lines about “this paltry little isle, I with acres few and weather vile”. One hundred years later one finds Fernand Braudel doing similar things. Variety is indeed a characteristic of France’s superb make-up. But it is not a French monopoly, it is a hallmark of Europe as a whole.
In fact, the Peninsula of Europe is not really a “continent” at all: it is not a self-contained land mass. At c.10 million km² (3.6 million square miles), it is less than one-quarter the size of Asia, one-third of Africa, one-half of each of the Americas. Modern geographers classify it, like India, as a subcontinent of Eurasia: “a cape of the old continent, a western appendix of Asia”. Even so, it is impossible to deny that Europe has been endowed with a formidable repertoire of physical features. Europe’s landforms, climate, geology, and fauna have combined to produce a benign environment that is essential to an understanding of its development. 
Europe’s landforms do not resemble those of any other continent or sub-continent. The depressions to north and south have been flooded by the ocean to form two parallel sea-chains which penetrate deep into the interior. In the north, the North Sea-Baltic sea lane stretches 1,500 miles (2,500 km) from the Atlantic to Russia. In the south, the Mediterranean-Black Sea system stretches over 2,400 miles (4,000 km) from Gibraltar to the Caucasus. Within these protected seas lie a vast complex of lesser gulfs and a huge spangle of islands. As a result, the ratio of shoreline to landmass is exceptionally high: at c.37,000 km, or more than 23,000 miles, the European shoreline is almost exactly the length of the Equator. For early Man, this was perhaps the most important measure of accessibility. 
What is more, since the shores of the Peninsula lie in the temperate latitudes of Eurasia’s western extremity, they are served by a user-friendly climate. Prevailing ocean winds blow westerly; and it is the western coasts of the great continents that stand to benefit most from the moderating influx of sea air. Yet few other west-facing continental coasts can actually enjoy the advantage. Elsewhere, if the western shore is not blocked by towering peaks or icy currents, it is lined by deserts such as the Sahara, the Kalahari, or the Atacama. 
The climate of Europe, therefore, is unusually temperate for its latitude. Generally speaking, under the influence of the Gulf Stream, northern Europe is mild and moist; southern Europe is relatively warm, dry, and sunny. Central and eastern Europe enjoy elements of a true continental climate, with clear, cold winters and baking hot summers. But everywhere the weather is changeable. Extremes are usually avoided. Even in European Russia, where the difference between the mean temperatures of January and July can approach 45°C, the range is only half what it is in Siberia. The wettest district in Europe is in western Norway, with an average annual precipitation of 3,500 mm (138 inches). The dryest district surrounds the Caspian Sea, with less than 250 mm ( inches) per annum. The coldest spot is Vorkuta, with a mean January chill of -20 °C; the hottest is disputed between Seville and Astrakhan, both with mean July roasts of +29 °C. These extremes do not compare with their counterparts in Asia, Africa, or the Americas. 
Europe’s temperate climate favoured the requirements of primitive agriculture. Most of the Peninsula lies within the natural zone of cultivable grasses. There were abundant woodlands to provide fuel and shelter. Upland pasture often occurs in close proximity to fertile valleys. In the west and south, livestock can winter in the open. Local conditions frequently encouraged special adaptations. The extensive coastline, combined with the broad Continental Shelf, gave fishermen rich rewards. The open plains, especially of the Danube Basin, preserved the nomadic horse-rearing and cattle-driving of the Eurasian steppes. In the Alps -- which take their name from the high pastures above the tree-line -- transhumance has been practised from an early date. 
Europe’s climate was probably also responsible for the prevalent skin-colour of its human fauna. Moderate levels of sunshine, and hence of ultra-violet radiation, meant that moderate levels of pigmentation came to be encoded in the Peninsula’s gene pool. Certainly, in historic times pale faces have predominated, together with blond or golden hair and blue eyes in the northern regions. The great majority of Europeans and their descendants can be easily recognized as such from their looks. 
Until recently, of course, it was impossible to take anything but the most superficial racial factors into consideration. The analysis of blood groups, body tissues, and DNA imprints, for example, was unknown until the late twentieth century; and it was not realized just how much genetic material all human beings have in common. As a result, racial theorists were apt to draw conclusions from external criteria such as skin colour, stature, or skull form. In reality, the racial make-up of Europe’s population has always displayed considerable variety. The tall, blue-eyed, fair-skinned, platinum blonds of the so-called “Nordic race” which established itself in Scandinavia forms the only group remotely qualified for the label of “white”. They bore little resemblance to the squat, brown-eyed, swarthy-skinned and black-haired people of the so-called “Mediterranean” or “Indo-Mediterranean Race” which dominated large parts of the south… 

史詩般的宏大敘事：一部超越國界與時空的歐洲文明全景圖 《光輝與晦暗：一部跨越韆年的歐洲文明變遷史》 本書並非對某一特定曆史時期的深入挖掘，也不是對某一單一國傢命運的詳盡記錄，而是一部雄心勃勃的、旨在捕捉整個歐洲大陸在漫長歲月中，從文明的涓涓細流匯聚成奔騰洪流的宏大敘事。它力圖以一種既具備學術的嚴謹性，又充滿文學感染力的筆觸，勾勒齣這片土地上無數民族、思想、戰爭與創新的復雜交織圖景。 第一部：源起與奠基——古典的迴響與蠻族的衝擊（約公元前1000年 – 公元500年） 本捲首先將目光投嚮歐洲文明的“前夜”，探究地中海沿岸的早期文明，特彆是米諾斯、邁锡尼以及希臘城邦的興起。我們不僅會審視雅典民主的哲學光輝及其局限性，也會分析斯巴達的軍事化社會結構。隨後，敘事轉嚮羅馬的崛起，剖析其共和國體製的建立與演變，以及它如何通過法律、工程技術和軍事擴張，將地中海世界首次整閤為一個相對統一的政治實體。 重點章節將集中於羅馬帝國的“雙重遺産”：一方麵是其製度和文化對後世的深遠影響；另一方麵是帝國晚期因內部腐敗、經濟危機以及來自北方和東方的持續性壓力而導緻的結構性衰敗。本捲的終點落在西羅馬帝國的瓦解，但這並非終結，而是為後續的融閤與重塑鋪平瞭道路。我們詳細描繪瞭日耳曼部落的遷徙與定居過程，揭示瞭他們如何在新生的歐洲版圖上播下封建製度的種子。 第二部：信仰與重塑——中世紀的漫長白晝與陰影（約公元500年 – 公元1500年） 中世紀，常被誤解為“黑暗時代”，但在本書的視角下，它是一個充滿活力與矛盾的“結構性整閤期”。本部分將深入探討基督教——尤其是羅馬天主教會——如何在權力真空時期扮演瞭精神、教育和世俗管理的核心角色。我們解析瞭拜占庭帝國在東方的延續，以及伊斯蘭教興起後對歐洲思想、科學和貿易的衝擊與影響，這種“接觸”催生瞭早期的文化交流。 封建製度的復雜性被層層剝開，分析其基於土地、效忠與義務的社會契約。同時，我們不迴避中世紀的暴力與不公，詳細記錄瞭十字軍東徵的動機、後果及其對東西方關係的永久性影響。然而，敘事的核心也聚焦於復蘇的跡象：大學的誕生、哥特式建築的奇跡、行會的興起以及農業技術的改進，這些都預示著即將到來的變革。對黑死病（黑死病）的社會和經濟影響分析，將作為理解“中世紀晚期危機”的關鍵切入點。 第三部：覺醒與碰撞——文藝復興、宗教改革與地理大發現（約公元1450年 – 公元1700年） 本捲標誌著歐洲視角的重大轉變——從關注“來世”轉嚮對“現世”的探索。文藝復興被視為一種“人本主義的迴歸與再創造”，我們探討瞭意大利城邦的財富如何催生瞭藝術、科學與政治思想的爆炸性發展，從美第奇傢族的贊助到馬基雅維利的冷酷現實主義。 隨後，焦點轉移到宗教領域。馬丁·路德的九十五條論綱如何點燃瞭宗教改革的火焰，以及這場運動如何不可逆轉地分裂瞭西歐的基督教世界，並深刻影響瞭民族國傢的形成。與此同時，“地理大發現”不僅僅是航海技術上的突破，更是全球權力格局的重塑。本書細緻描繪瞭歐洲對新大陸的徵服、資源掠奪以及隨之而來的世界貿易網絡的建立，探討瞭早期殖民主義的殘酷本質及其對歐洲經濟結構産生的深刻影響。三十年戰爭和威斯特伐利亞體係的建立，則標誌著現代主權國傢體係的誕生。 第四部：理性與革命——啓濛運動與政治地震（約公元1700年 – 公元1848年） “理性的時代”到來瞭。本部分將深入剖析啓濛運動的思想內核，洛剋、伏爾泰、盧梭等思想傢如何挑戰君權神授的閤法性，倡導天賦人權、三權分立和自由市場。這些思想如何從沙龍和咖啡館滲透到更廣大的社會階層，並最終催化瞭顛覆性的政治行動。 對法國大革命的分析將是本捲的高潮。我們不僅關注其“自由、平等、博愛”的理想，更審視瞭其激進化、恐怖統治的內在邏輯，以及拿破侖戰爭如何將革命的理念傳播至整個歐洲，同時重塑瞭國傢邊界和民族認同感。維也納會議後的“歐洲協調”試圖恢復舊秩序，但工業革命的隆隆機聲和工人階級的崛起，使其努力注定徒勞。1848年的革命浪潮，是民族主義、自由主義與社會不滿集中爆發的體現，盡管最終多以失敗告終，但它們永久地改變瞭政治議程。 第五部：工業的鋼鐵與帝國的黃昏（約公元1848年 – 公元1914年） 本捲關注“加速度”的時代。工業革命的影響不再局限於英國，而是以前所未有的速度席捲歐洲大陸，創造瞭驚人的財富，但也製造瞭前所未有的社會鴻溝與城市貧睏。科學的進步——達爾文的進化論、物理學的突破——開始動搖既有的哲學和宗教基礎。 同時，歐洲列強在世界範圍內展開瞭“新帝國主義”的競賽，對非洲和亞洲的瓜分達到頂點。這種外部的擴張，與內部的軍備競賽、僵化的外交同盟體係交織在一起，形成瞭極其不穩定的“歐洲均勢”。民族主義在統一的德國和意大利達到狂熱，但在奧匈帝國和沙俄境內，卻成為瓦解的催化劑。本捲以一種不祥的預感結束，為即將到來的“大屠殺”埋下伏筆。 結語：破碎的統一與永恒的遺産 全書的敘事以二十世紀初的危機為轉摺點，並非深入探討兩次世界大戰本身，而是將其視為歐洲文明“內部矛盾的總爆發”。本書旨在提供一個清晰的框架，幫助讀者理解：是哪些曆史的、思想的、經濟的和政治的深層結構，使得歐洲這片曾經的文明中心，最終走嚮瞭自我毀滅的邊緣，又是如何在廢墟之上，孕育齣戰後新的全球秩序與持續的文化反思。它強調歐洲的曆史不是綫性的進步，而是光明與黑暗、理性與非理性的持續拉鋸戰。