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适读人群 ：对中国历史感兴趣的外国读者和英语学习者☆中外学者合作介绍中国历史首部英文图书
☆历史年代为序，全面梳理中国历史
☆以中国视角叙述，兼顾外国读者阅读习惯
☆快速了解中国历史，面向外国读者普及读物
内容简介
《中国简史：从史前文明到末代皇帝》（HistoryofChina:FromEarliestTimestotheLastEmperor）是一部直接面向海外读者概览性地介绍中华民族五千年历史的图书。它是国内首部由国内外学者合作编著的介绍中国历史的图书，其内容在保持中国叙述视角的同时，兼顾国外读者的阅读习惯，是一本普及中国历史的读物。
本书以历史年代为序，再现了中华文明从远古文明到清朝结束的发展历程，全面回顾了自原始社会以来各个不同时期的中国历史画卷，涵盖了中国历史的主要内容，集中讲述了历史的变迁过程，较为系统地介绍了中国历史的发展脉络。是一部快速了解中国历史及社会变迁的图书。
作者简介
迈克尔·迪伦（Michael Dillon），杜伦大学当代中国研究中心创始人，于该校东亚系任教。主要研究领域为中国历史、政治和社会以及汉语。他拥有利兹大学中国研究的硕士和博士学位，是英国皇家历史学会和皇家亚洲学会的会员。他是《中国季刊》《民族和种族研究》《内亚》等刊物的特约评审专家，经常受邀做客BBC等国际广播公司评论中国及亚洲事务，是《泰晤士报文学增刊》的常驻作者，并担任由乔纳森·刘易斯为BBC2、Granada和PBS（美国）频道拍摄的一部中国主题的四集电视纪录片的顾问。他精通中文，能说普通话和一些广东话，并通晓新疆的维吾尔语。他出版的主要作品有《当代中国入门》（Routledge出版社,2008）、《现代中国史》（I.B.Tauris出版社，2010）。目前迪伦教授正在为Taylor & Francis出版社编辑《中国百科全书》一书。
内页插图
This is a Chinese account of China, seen from the inside and presenting many of the stories behind historical events that are familiar to Chinese people from their scooldays but are little known even among foreign historians of China. It is a valuable complement to the standard histories of China available in English.
——Michael Dillon
目录
Contents
ListofIllustrationsxii
NameandDateConventionsUsedintheContextxxxvii
Introductionxxxix
Chapter1
AncientCivilizations:RuleandPolitics
(c.8500–256BCE)
THEORIGINSOFCIVILIZATION–AncientManinChina–TheEraofClanSocieties–TheDawnoftheChineseNation–ThreeBenevolentRulers:Yao,ShunandYu–THEEARLIESTDYNASTIESOFCHINA–RuleoftheXiaDynasty–TheRiseandFalloftheShangDynasty–TheFlourishingoftheWesternZhouDynasty–DeclineoftheWesternZhouDynasty–THESPRINGANDAUTUMNPERIOD–DeclineoftheRoyalFamily–DukeHuanofQiandDukeWenofJin–ThreeSuccessiveHegemonies–WuandYuePushforPower–THESEVENPOWERSOFTHEWARRINGSTATESPERIOD–SevenPowersLockedinRivalry–ReformMovementsintheSevenStates–AllianceandUnification
Chapter2
AnEmergingState:SocietyandCulture
OracleBonesinShangLife–TheBronzeAge–TheDevelopmentofAgriculture–Crafts–TheDujiangyanWeirs–TheRiseoftheCity–Literature:BookofSongsandElegiesoftheSouth–Music:BellsandDrums–Astronomy–Medicine
Chapter3
TheFoundationsofPhilosophyandSchoolsofThought
THECONTENTIONOFAHUNDREDSCHOOLSOFTHOUGHT–Confucius:TeacherforAllAges–TheLegacyandDevelopmentofConfucianism–Daoism:LetThingsRunTheirCourse–TheMohistSchool:EarthlyAscetics–Legalism:FavoredbyRulers–MilitaryStrategists:MastersoftheLawofWar–THECLASHOFSCHOOLSOFTHOUGHT
Chapter4
UnificationundertheQinEmpire
(221–206BCE)
RULEOFTHEQINEMPIRE–QinShiHuang’sUnificationoftheCountry–CentralizationoftheQinEmpire–AReignofTyranny–THEWONDERSOFTHEQINDYNASTY–TheGreatWall–QinShiHuangMausoleum–TerracottaWarriorsandHorses–THEFALLOFTHEQINDYNASTY–ThePeasantUprising–ConflictbetweentheStatesofChuandHan
Chapter5
TheRiseandFalloftheHanDynasty
(220BCE–280CE)
THERISEOFTHEHAN–RebuildingbytheEarlyHanDynasty–EmperorsWenandJing–EmperorWuofHan–DECLINEOFTHEWESTERNHANDYNASTY–CorruptionintheMidandLateWesternHan–TheBriefReignofWangMang–REVIVALOFTHEHANCOURT–TheFoundingoftheEasternHanDynasty–PowerStruggles:CourtWomenandEunuchs–TheFalloftheEasternHanDynasty–FOREIGNRELATIONSDURINGTHEHANDYNASTY–MarriageBringsPeaceBeyondtheGreatWall–ZhangQian’sJourneystotheWesternRegions–TheSilkRoad
Chapter6
Scientific,CulturalandPhilosophicalDevelopmentsundertheHan
SCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYOFTHEHANDYNASTY–TheInventionofPaper–TraditionalChineseMedicine–AstronomyandMathematics–THESTATUSOFIDEASINTHEHANDYNASTY–TheRiseofDaoism–TheSpreadofBuddhisminChina–EvolutionoftheScholarlyClass–CULTUREOFTHEHANDYNASTY–FirstMajorHistoricalWorks–LiteratureandArt
Chapter7
DisturbanceandStability:FromtheThreeKingdomstoaHundredYearsofJinRule
(220–420CE)
THETHREEKINGDOMS–TheBattleofGuandu–TheBattleofRedCliffs–EmergenceoftheThreeKingdoms–WESTERNANDEASTERNJIN–BriefUnificationduringtheJinDynasty–RebellionoftheEightPrinces–TheHundred-YearRuleoftheEasternJin
Chapter8
ThePoliticsandCultureoftheSouthernandNorthernDynasties
(420–589)
THESOUTHERNDYNASTIES–ContentionoftheSixteenKingdoms–RuleoftheSong,Qi,Liang,andChen–THENORTHERNWEIDYNASTY–RapidRiseoftheNorthernWeiDynasty–TheReformsofEmperorXiaowen–CrumblingoftheNorthernWei–TheCrushingofBuddhism–CULTURALDEVELOPMENTSDURINGTHESIXDYNASTIES–LiteratureandArt–TheStudyofHistoryandGeography–TheNaturalSciences–NEWPHILOSOPHICALEXPLORATIONS–DarkLearningandtheSevenSagesoftheBambooGrove–TheFlourishingofBuddhism–TheDevelopmentofDaoism
Chapter9
TheSuiDynasty
(581–618)
TheFoundingoftheSuiDynasty–TheRuleofEmperorWen–TheFalloftheSuiDynasty–TheGrandCanal
Chapter10
TheGoldenEraoftheTangDynasty
THEFOUNDINGANDGOVERNMENTOFTHETANGDYNASTY–TheRiseoftheTangFamily–TheGoldenYearsofZhenguan–TheUsurpingEmpress–TheGoldenEraofKaiyuan–THETANGEMPIRE–LIFEINTHETANGWORLD–Agriculture–TradeandCommerce–KeyInventions:WoodblockPrintingandGunpowder–Medicine–Astronomy–TANGCULTUREANDCRAFTS–Poetry–Novels–Calligraphy–Painting–MusicandDance–Crafts
Chapter11
Decline,SeparationandTurbulence:
TheDeclineoftheTangandRuleoftheSong
THEDECLINEOFTHETANGDYNASTY–TheAnLushanRebellion–EffortstoRevivetheTangEmpire–TurbulenceandDecline–ASplinteredAge:FiveDynasties,TenKingdoms–TheRiseoftheKhitan–THENORTHERNANDSOUTHERNSONGDYNASTIES–TheFoundingoftheNorthernSongDynasty–ReformandStrifeintheMidtoLateNorthernSong–TheCollapseoftheSouthernSongDynasty
Chapter12
Co-existingRegimes:TheSong,Liao,Xia,andJin
ConfrontationbetweenSongandLiao–TheRiseandFalloftheWesternXiaDynasty–TheRiseoftheJinEmpire–ConfrontationbetweenSouthernSongandJin
Chapter13
TheEnrichingLegacyoftheTangandSongDynasties
AThrivingEconomy–Science,Technology,andCulture
Chapter14
TerritorialExpansionandCulturalFlowerings:
TheYuanDynasty
(1206–1368)
THEFOUNDINGOFTHEYUAN–TerritorialExpansionoftheMongolEmpire–UnificationWar–TheYuanSystemofGovernment–YUANCULTUREANDECONOMY–TheCapital,Dadu–EthnicIntegration–TheEconomy–LiteratureandArtofSongandYuan
Chapter15
CentralizedMonarchyoftheMingDynasty
(1368–1644)
THEFOUNDINGOFTHEMING–TheFalloftheYuanDynasty–TheAbsoluteMonarchyoftheMingDynasty–TurmoilwithintheMingCourt–THEMINGDYNASTYECONOMYANDFOREIGNPOLICY–ThrivingEconomyandAdministrationofItsLand–Ming’sForeignPolicy–China’sRelationshipwithItsNeighbors–MerchantGuildsandBanking
Chapter16
Piracy,WarandRebellion:theDeclineoftheMingandRiseoftheQing
TURBULENCEANDDECLINEOFTHEMING–MingCostalDefense–EarlyColonialAggression–TheTumuCrisis–RevivalEortsinLateMing–ThreeNotoriousAairsofCourt–EunuchAbuseofPowerandtheDonglinMovement–ENDOFTHEMINGDYNASTY–WaningMilitaryPower–Rebellionofthe“DashingKing”–TheDoomedSouthernMingCourt–TheRiseoftheJurchens–Nurhaci:KhanofHeaven’sMandate–HongTaijiFoundstheQingEmpire
Chapter17
TheQing:Feudalism’sFinalBow
(1644–1911)
CONSOLIDATIONOFTHEQINGEMPIRE–Anti-QingResistance–ZhengChenggong’sRecoveryofTaiwan–SuppressionoftheThreeFeudatoriesbytheKangxiEmperor–TheRecoveryofTaiwan–BorderDefenseagainstTsaristRussia–SuppressionoftheDzungarRebellionandTorghutIntegration–SuppressionoftheUyghurRebellionandWarsagainstForeignIntruders–TheDalaiLamaandPanchenLama–THEFINALFLOWERINGOFCHINESEFEUDALSOCIETY–TheGrowingStrengthoftheMonarchyundertheQingDynasty–ProsperityoftheKangxi,Yongzheng,andQianlongReigns–TheRulingCrisisoftheMidtoLateQingDynasty
Chapter18
Learning,PhilosophicalThoughtandCultureundertheMingandQing
TECHNOLOGYANDTHOUGHTS–TheReconstructionofBeijing–Science,Technology,andtheIntroductionofWesternLearning–Neo-Confucianism–ANewStageinConfucianism–LITERATUREANDARTINTHEMINGDYNASTY–VernacularFiction–Mass-MarketNovels–MingOpera–CalligraphyandPainting–QINGCULTURE–ClassicalGardens–GovernmentCulturalProjects–ADreamofRedMansions–TheRisingPopularityofNovels–BreakthroughsinCalligraphyandPainting–BeijingOpera
Chapter19
WarsandRebellion:TheOpiumWars,BoxerRebellionandForeignPowers
THEOPIUMWARS–ChinaandtheWestbeforetheFirstOpiumWar–TheDestructionofOpiuminHumen–TheFirstOpiumWar–TheSecondOpiumWar–EmpressDowagerCixi’sRisetoPower–TheTaipingRebellion–TheEndoftheTaipingHeavenlyKingdom–WARINTHELATEQINGDYNASTY–ZuoZongtang’sRecoveryofXinjiang–TheSino-FrenchWar–TheSino-JapaneseWar–TheBoxerRebellionandtheAlliedForces’InvasionofChina
Chapter20
WesternInfluences,ReformandDeathoftheQing
TheChallengeofWesternCulture–TheSelf-StrengtheningMovement–TheRiseofCapitalism–IdeasofReform–TheHundredDays’Reform–TheQingCourt’sDyingThroes–TheRiseoftheRepublic–Conclusion
Index448
精彩书摘
《History of China 中国古代简史：从史前文明到末代皇帝》：So the Qing were defeated at the Battle of Gualar， the first battle between the Chinese and the Russians， but this marked the beginning of China's resistance to Russian mvasion； the quick response of the Qing government indicated the importance it attached to territorial integrity.
In 1653，internal conflict among the Russians led to Khabarov's dismissal and his return to Russia.Stepanov， his deputy， took over.To protect local residents， the Qing government moved them further inland and dis—patched troops； in 1658， Stepanov was killed and in 1659， the Qing army recaptured Yaksa.By 1660， the invading forces along the lower reaches of the Amur River had been wiped out.
However， the Russians did not give up easily.Taking advantage of the Qing preoccupation with the Three Feudatories， they invaded Heilong—jiang once again and regained many cities， including Yaksa.Defying the Qmg government's warnings， they continued their expansion， even demanding Qing's submission to the Russian tsar.So， when the Three Feudatories problem finally ended in 1681， the Kangxi Emperor immediately set out to reinforce northeastern China.ln the spring of1682， he made an inspection tour of cities such as Shengjing （today's Shenyang） and Wula （today's Jilin）.Full preparations were made for a counterattack：courier stations， along with land and waterway systems， were all set up.
……
前言/序言
Introduction
The history of China is the story of the people who live between the coasts and the mountains and steppes of Inner Asia. Principally it is a history of settled agricultural communities, distinguished from and often in conflict with, the pastoral nomadic societies of the northern and western regions. The civilization that today we call Chinese originated in the north-central region of the mainland, around the Yellow River. It extends southwards to the Yangzi(or Yangtze), a formidable natural barrier, across which the state gradually asserted its authority. Ancient Chinese society emerged as a multiplicity of city states which were incorporated into the great empires of the Shang and Zhou. The authority of the Zhou Dynasty was exhausted in the fifth Century BCE and by then a network of independent statelets had emerged, in the era that became known as Spring and Autumn. Conflict between these statelets for dominance was reflected in the name for the following historical period — the Warring States. When one of these statelets, the Qin, grew in size and authority and emerged as the victor in 221 BCE, its leader declared himself Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of Qin, and is regarded as the first of the long series of emperors who ruled China until the disintegration of the empire in 1911.
This period set the pattern for the whole of the empire; the conflict between centralization and centrifugal political forces and between the settled and the pastoral lands. Since then, by and large, China has had powerful single rulers, emperors whose reign names mark successive periods of history. It would however be a mistake to assume that all of these emperors controlled the whole of the present-day territory of China or that they were Chinese in the commonly accepted modern sense. The great Tang Dynasty (618–907) was extraordinarily inclusive and open-minded and is admired for its poetry and sculpted ceramics. Tang emperors governed most of the country but their family backgrounds included the Turkic-speaking aristocracy.
The fate of the Song Dynasty (960–1279) illustrates well the conflict between the tribes of the steppe and the settled Chinese which marked the remainder of the empire. The Song (Northern Song) began as a successor to the Tang, controlling much of the same territory, but it was faced with serious military challenges on its frontiers and lost much of its northern territory to nomadic tribes, principally the Khitan Liao and the Tangut Xixia, whose regimes in the lands that they conquered are known by Chinese dynastic names. The Song emperors were forced to retreat south and their reign, the Southern Song—notable above all for its fine painting—lasted until the Mongols from the steppes, having defeated the other northern tribes including the Khitan and the Tanguts, finally conquered the whole of China and declared themselves to be the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368). The emperors of the Yuan all had Chinese reign titles but their language and culture was Mongolian and they were part of the great Mongolian empire that spanned the whole of Asia during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. This regime was resented by many Chinese as an alien occupation—although many Chinese officials worked for it—and when the Mongols were driven back to the steppes in the middle of the fourteenth century, the Ming Dynasty that was established in Nanjing by Zhu Yuanzhang was welcomed as a return to Chinese rule.
The Ming lasted until 1644 when another northern people, the Manchus, produced a military apparatus that was able to overthrow the Chinese regime that had been weakened by corruption and internal power struggles. The Manchus took control of China, but, in order to rule it, had to cooperate with Chinese, Mongolian and Tibetan officials. Their dynasty, the Qing, was the last of the Chinese empire, although, ironically, it was not in the strict sense of the word a Chinese dynasty. As happened during the Yuan Dynasty, there was great opposition to Manchu control and a nationalist movement that emerged during the nineteenth century was strengthened by the inability of the government to resist commercial and military pressures from the maritime empires of Britain and the other Western powers. When the Manchu Qing regime was finally overthrown in 1911, the driving forces were the traditional ones of Chinese opposition to alien rule and the secession of provinces from the central government. However to this must be added a completely new element, the threat of Western encroachment which was to dominate the history of China in the early twentieth century.
History is not, of course, confined to the past. It continues as we live and it informs the thinking not only of historians and the readers of history but those in power. Chinese thinkers, writers and rulers are acutely conscious of the history of their country: it is constantly referred to in the contemporary political discourse of the country, although not everyone draws the same conclusions about the lessons to be learned from it. Nevertheless, without an appreciation of the multicultural and multiethnic historical background, with its conflicts and compromises and the successes and failures of its successive rulers, it is impossible to understand China as it rises to world prominence during the twenty-first century.
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